Thomaz de Almeida Rubem Ferreira, Do desenvolvimento comunitário à mobilização política, o Projeto Kaiowa-Ñandeva como experiência antropológica

Do desenvolvimento comunitário à mobilização política est la publication d’une partie de la recherche de mestrado réalisée en 1991 par Rubem Ferreira Thomaz de Almeida au Musée national de l’université fédérale de Rio de Janeiro. À première vue, cette étude pourrait passer pour une analyse anthropologique classique de plus, traitant de façon descriptive d’un projet de développement communautaire mis en place au sein des communautés guarani du Mato Grosso do Sul entre 1976 et 1981. Cependant, ..

Thomaz de Almeida Rubem Ferreira, Do desenvolvimento comunitário à mobilização política, o Projeto Kaiowa-Ñandeva como experiência antropológica

Do desenvolvimento comunitário à mobilização política est la publication d’une partie de la recherche de mestrado réalisée en 1991 par Rubem Ferreira Thomaz de Almeida au Musée national de l’université fédérale de Rio de Janeiro. À première vue, cette étude pourrait passer pour une analyse anthropologique classique de plus, traitant de façon descriptive d’un projet de développement communautaire mis en place au sein des communautés guarani du Mato Grosso do Sul entre 1976 et 1981. Cependant, ..

Construindo e reconstruindo territórios Guarani: dinâmica territorial na fronteira entre Brasil e Paraguai (séc. xix-xx)

Construindo e reconstruindo territórios Guarani: dinâmica territorial na fronteira entre Brasil e Paraguai (séc. xix-xx). Tomando como marco temporal o processo de expansão das fronteiras entre o Paraguai e o Brasil a partir da iminência da Guerra da Tríplice Aliança (1864-1870), o presente trabalho tem o objetivo de compreender de um ponto de vista etno-histórico como se transformaram as formas de organização territorial dos grupos guarani localizados nos dois lados da fronteira, bem como investigar a situação colonial que os submeteram à dominação por parte dos dois Estados. Para uma melhor compreensão destes processos pretende-se, por um lado, reconstruir as situações históricas de colonização da região e, por outro, procurar mostrar como as diferentes políticas de territorialização implantadas pelos Estados levaram os grupos guarani contemporâneos a reconceituarem permanentemente seus territórios, contemplando ora espaços físicos bem delimitados, ora espaços mais amplos e autônomos.Construction et reconstruction des territoires guarani : dynamique territoriale sur la frontière entre le Brésil et le Paraguay (xixe-xxe siècles). Dans le cadre des processus de mise en place des frontières entre le Brésil et le Paraguay, depuis la veille de la guerre de la Triple Alliance (1864-1870), nous tenterons de comprendre, d’un point de vue ethnohistorique, les transformations qui ont eu lieu dans l’organisation territoriale des groupes guarani localisés des deux côtés de la frontière, ainsi que la situation coloniale qui les ont mis sous la domination des deux États. Pour cela, il s’agira, d’une part, de reconstruire les différentes situations historiques de colonisation de la région, d’autre part, de montrer comment les différentes politiques de territorialisation mises en place au Brésil et au Paraguay ont poussé les groupes guarani contemporains à re-conceptualiser continuellement leurs territoires, parfois en contemplant des espaces bien délimités, d’autres fois en considérant des espaces plus amples et autonomes.Building and re-building Guarani territories: territorial dynamics in the border zone between Brazil and Paraguay (19th-20th centuries). This paper attempts to document, in an ethno-historical perspective, how Guarani territorial organization adjusted to frontier expansion in both countries in the border zone between Brazil and Paraguay, in the years immediately preceding the Triple Alliance War (1864-1870). A second aim of this work is to explore how colonial forces of both States managed to subdue the Guarani groups. We will first characterize the historical context of colonization in the region, and then attempt to show how the different territorial politics introduced by Brazil and Paraguay led the Guarani groups to continuously redefine the meaning of territory, sometimes being confined to strictly delimited space, sometimes having vaster and more autonomous lands at their disposal

Histoire d’un projet indigéniste aux frontières du public et du privé (Brésil, 1840-1860)

This article describes the indigenist project that João da Silva Machado (later Baron of Antonina) formulated for Guarani indigenous people of the Brazilian States of São Paulo, Paraná and Mato Grosso between 1840 and 1860. The choice to revisit this subject is both historiographical and methodological. Until recently, the historiography of indigenist projects thought the practical management and administration of Indians exclusively from a « State » perspective, obliterating the participation of other actors. The study of a specific situation, rooted in time and space, thus illuminates the private dimensions of an action often though of as carried out exclusively in the public domain

La « Terre sans Mal ». La trajectoire historique d'un mythe guarani et d'un mythe anthropologique

This article aims to reconstruct the historical trajectory of the Guarani and anthropological myth « Land without Evil » formulated for the first time by the ethnologist Curt Nimuendaju in 1914. From the dialogue between ethnographic data provided by Curt Nimuendaju about the « Land without Evil » and historical sources that reflect the colonial expeditions (called «  Itinerary ») performed by baron de Antonina between 1840 and 1860, it is shown that these stories can be read as two different versions of the same historical event and therefore they can be read and thought recursively, one as the negative image of the other. Returning to the context of production and returning to the sources that led to the development of the research hypothesis of the « Land without Evil », it is to show that behind the general concept of Tupi-Guarani « messianism » and « prophetism » lurk multiple sociocultural processes with heuristic value for contemporary guaranologie

Notas sobre el cacique Libânio y el barón de Antonina en los aldeamientos indígenas de las provincias meridionales del Brasil Imperial (1840-1889)

The cacique cayuá Libânio is a central figure in the construction of the indigenous missions in the provinces of São Paulo, Paraná and Mato Grosso that were instituted in 1845 by Regulation n. 426 on "Catechesis and civilization of the Indians". Managed from the capitals of the provinces by the military and in the field by the Capuchin missionaries, the indigenous missions were planned within a much broader project: that of the colonization of the frontiers and that of the unknowns "sertões" of the Empire. The indigenous missions were spatially associated with military and agricultural colonies that worked during the War of the Triple Alliance (1864-1870) as an advanced system of colonial and military deployment. From biographical elements of the life of cacique Libânio, this paper aims to analyze the forms of mediation practiced by him among indigenous missions newly created and Guarani camps that were located in the Paraná River basin, Tibagi, Paranapanema, Brilhante and Iguatemi. Libânio, the main Indian guide of "Southern Journeys", function as a central figure in the formation and in the consolidation of these establishments; while the expeditions were moving through the hinterland, Libânio drives and activates a series of networks and alliances, driving every year a significant quantity of indigenous families to be established in the orbit of the missions

Cartas Guarani. O uso presente de papeis do passado

In this introductory note we present two letters, related to the land problem, written by Guarani Indians of the State of São Paulo in the early twentieth century. These letters indicate the contours in which operated the process of occupation and dispossession of indigenous lands in the State of São Paulo in the early decades of the republican period. Considering the contemporary situation of Guarani Indians in the Brazilian coast, the two letters not only refute the position of those who vehemently deny the historical continuity of the Guarani occupation in the Ribeira Valley region but also reveal the Guarani’s long history in the “fight” for the preservation of their traditional territories on the coast of the State of São Paulo